The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.